In any thriving democracy, the people's voice gives the state legitimacy. The rights to self-determination, freedom of expression, and p...
In any thriving democracy, the people's voice gives the state legitimacy. The rights to self-determination, freedom of expression, and political engagement aren't just lofty ideals written in constitutions—they're the very essence of a free society. Nigeria, home to over 200 million individuals with a rich tapestry of ethnicities, cultures, and histories, finds itself at a pivotal moment where the push for a referendum should be viewed not as a threat to national unity but as a sign of democratic growth.
The Misunderstanding of Referendum as Rebellion
Far too often in Nigeria, when a referendum is proposed, it's quickly brushed aside or condemned as a call for secession, civil strife, or even war. This is a harmful misunderstanding. A referendum isn't an act of rebellion; it's a democratic instrument. It's a peaceful and valid way for people to voice their collective opinions on significant political, social, or territorial issues. Whether the discussion revolves around restructuring, regional autonomy, or complete independence, the people deserve to be heard through the ballot box, not through violence.
History teaches us that ignoring genuine calls for dialogue only pushes dissent underground, where it simmers into frustration and, ultimately, violence. On the other hand, providing a platform for people to express themselves, vote, and make decisions fosters a peaceful negotiation of identity, governance, and belonging.
Nigeria's Complex Identity
Nigeria is far from being a one-size-fits-all nation; it's more like a tapestry woven from various threads—Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba, Igbo, Ijaw, Tiv, Kanuri, and so many more—each boasting its unique language, culture, and history. This rich diversity can be a tremendous asset, but it also becomes a source of tension when the government fails to ensure fair representation and justice for all. For years, marginalized nationalities have raised their voices against political exclusion, economic inequality, and the erosion of their cultures. Instead of dismissing these concerns as treasonous, the Nigerian government should approach them with understanding and a willingness to engage in open dialogue.
The push for a referendum—whether it's from Biafra supporters, Oduduwa proponents, or voices from the Niger Delta—shouldn't be ignored or met with force. Instead, it should spark a nationwide discussion about the structure and future of Nigeria.
Looking at Global Examples for Peaceful Solutions
There are plenty of examples around the world of referendums being used to tackle deep-rooted political issues: Scotland's independence vote in 2014, the Quebec referendum in Canada, and even the Brexit vote in the UK. Sure, these were contentious moments, but they were also peaceful. Citizens were given the chance to voice their opinions. Some votes led to separation, while others didn't. But in every instance, democracy came out on top.
So, why should Nigeria be any different? Are Nigerians any less worthy of a voice just because the issues are complicated? Democracy flourishes not in silence but in discussion, not in oppression, but in the freedom to express oneself.
The Path Forward: Dialogue, Not Denial
The Nigerian government needs to resist the urge to confuse nationalism with uniformity. Real national strength comes from embracing diversity within a shared political framework. Instead of treating those who advocate for a referendum as criminals, the government should foster inclusive dialogues backed by legal and institutional structures that enable peaceful referenda when necessary.
Moreover, civil society has a crucial role—lawyers, journalists, academics, and religious and traditional leaders should champion the right to self-determination. This isn't about breaking Nigeria apart; it's about renewing and reimagining it.
Conclusion
Calling for a referendum isn't a call for conflict. It's a plea for a voice, for dignity, and for agency. If Nigeria genuinely values its democracy, it must have faith in its people. Let's embrace a referendum—not as an end goal but as a fresh start toward a nation where every citizen feels heard, respected, and free.
Let the people shape their destiny—not through violence, but through the power of their vote.
Written by
Akaji Uwakwe
For the Enugu State Media Team
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